Articles tagged with: Germany Journal
Narcissism and Perceived Inequity in Attractiveness in Romantic Relationships
In three studies of romantic relationships (N = 253,
N = 81, and N = 98) the hypothesis was
tested that high narcissists, relative to low narcissists, distort the
assessment of equity in attractiveness. Narcissism was measured by the
Narcissistic Personality Inventory. In Study 1 the hypothesis was confirmed. In
Study 2 it was shown that although narcissism correlated significantly with
self-esteem, it was the unique variance in narcissism which predicted the
tendency to feel underbenefited in respect to attractiveness. Finally in Study
[...]
In three studies of romantic relationships (N = 253,
N = 81, and N = 98) the hypothesis was
tested that high narcissists, relative to low narcissists, distort the
assessment of equity in attractiveness. Narcissism was measured by the
Narcissistic Personality Inventory. In Study 1 the hypothesis was confirmed. In
Study 2 it was shown that although narcissism correlated significantly with
self-esteem, it was the unique variance in narcissism which predicted the
tendency to feel underbenefited in respect to attractiveness. Finally in Study
[...]
Final Decentrations
We submit that with advancing age and the age-inherent shrinking of life-time
reserves, intrinsic-valuerational, that is, ego-transcending goals tend to gain
priority over extrinsic-instrumental goals that aim at future personal benefits.
This proposition is investigated in four studies that combine questionnaire
assessments and experimental analyses. In Study 1, age differences in
extrinsic-instrumental and intrinsic-valuerational orientations are analyzed in
a cross-sectional study involving 359 participants in the age range from 35 to
[...]
Missing or Killed
Many people go missing during war and acts of terrorism. Do their families
suffer an additional or different kind of mental health burden than families of
people who are known to have been killed? Two groups of respondents,
each comprising 56 women living in Bosnia and Herzegovina, were included in the
study. These were women whose husbands were either confirmed as having been
killed during the 1992–1995 war or who were at the time of the study
officially still listed as missing as a result of the war. These two groups
filled in questi [...]
Many people go missing during war and acts of terrorism. Do their families
suffer an additional or different kind of mental health burden than families of
people who are known to have been killed? Two groups of respondents,
each comprising 56 women living in Bosnia and Herzegovina, were included in the
study. These were women whose husbands were either confirmed as having been
killed during the 1992–1995 war or who were at the time of the study
officially still listed as missing as a result of the war. These two groups
filled in questi [...]
Experimental Psychology
Experimental Psychology
Content Type Journal ArticleCategory EditorialDOI 10.1027/1618-3169/a000001Authors
Edgar Erdfelder, Universität Mannheim, Germany
Journal Experimental Psychology (formerly "Zeitschrift für Experimentelle Psychologie")Print ISSN 1618-3169
Journal Volume Volume 57
Journal Issue Volume 57, Number 1 / 2009
[...]
Experimental Psychology
Content Type Journal ArticleCategory EditorialDOI 10.1027/1618-3169/a000001Authors
Edgar Erdfelder, Universität Mannheim, Germany
Journal Experimental Psychology (formerly "Zeitschrift für Experimentelle Psychologie")Print ISSN 1618-3169
Journal Volume Volume 57
Journal Issue Volume 57, Number 1 / 2009
[...]
Coping with Family Demands Under Difficult Economic Conditions
Utilizing hierarchical linear modeling, we analyzed whether perceived family-related demands associated with social change – and the processes of dealing with these demands – relate to depressive symptoms, and whether these relationships vary by regional economic conditions. The sample comprised 2,519 respondents living in economically healthy versus weak regions of Germany. Results showed that higher levels of perceived family-related demands were associated with higher levels of depression. In addition, higher levels of engagement and low [...]
Utilizing hierarchical linear modeling, we analyzed whether perceived family-related demands associated with social change – and the processes of dealing with these demands – relate to depressive symptoms, and whether these relationships vary by regional economic conditions. The sample comprised 2,519 respondents living in economically healthy versus weak regions of Germany. Results showed that higher levels of perceived family-related demands were associated with higher levels of depression. In addition, higher levels of engagement and low [...]
Mother-Child Interaction Following Marital Separation
This study used longitudinal observation data to examine the child-mother relationship after
marital separation. Mother-child interaction in 60 separated families was videographed in
standardized situations at three measurement times (10, 25, and 40 months following separation)
and compared with data from a cross-sectional observation of 60 matched complete families. At
the first measurement, children were aged 4–10 years, and 57% were male.
Trained raters used 12 categories to evaluate the interaction behavior of mothers and children.
[...]
This study used longitudinal observation data to examine the child-mother relationship after
marital separation. Mother-child interaction in 60 separated families was videographed in
standardized situations at three measurement times (10, 25, and 40 months following separation)
and compared with data from a cross-sectional observation of 60 matched complete families. At
the first measurement, children were aged 4–10 years, and 57% were male.
Trained raters used 12 categories to evaluate the interaction behavior of mothers and children.
[...]
The Rainbow and Kaleidoscope Projects
It is possible, in admissions to higher education, to increase academic excellence and
diversity simultaneously. This article reviews how a theory of successful intelligence can be
used to accomplish both of these goals. The theory postulates that intelligence comprises
creative skills in generating novel ideas, analytical skills in discerning whether they are
good ideas, and practical skills in implementing the ideas and persuading others of their
worth. The article summarizes several projects designed to simultaneously boost academic
ex [...]
It is possible, in admissions to higher education, to increase academic excellence and
diversity simultaneously. This article reviews how a theory of successful intelligence can be
used to accomplish both of these goals. The theory postulates that intelligence comprises
creative skills in generating novel ideas, analytical skills in discerning whether they are
good ideas, and practical skills in implementing the ideas and persuading others of their
worth. The article summarizes several projects designed to simultaneously boost academic
ex [...]
Nonconscious Activation of Achievement Goals
In a series of experiments, Bargh, Gollwitzer, Lee-Chai, Barndollar, and Trötschel (2001) documented that achievement goals can be activated outside of awareness and can then operate nonconsciously in order to guide self-regulated behavior effectively. In three experiments (N = 69, N = 71, N = 56), two potential moderators of the achievement goal priming effect were explored. All three experiments showed small but consistent effects of the nonconscious activation of the achievement goal, though word class did not moderate the priming effect. T [...]
In a series of experiments, Bargh, Gollwitzer, Lee-Chai, Barndollar, and Trötschel (2001) documented that achievement goals can be activated outside of awareness and can then operate nonconsciously in order to guide self-regulated behavior effectively. In three experiments (N = 69, N = 71, N = 56), two potential moderators of the achievement goal priming effect were explored. All three experiments showed small but consistent effects of the nonconscious activation of the achievement goal, though word class did not moderate the priming effect. T [...]
Auditory Warning Signals Affect Mechanisms of Response Selection
Irrelevant tone (accessory) stimuli facilitate performance in simple and choice
reaction time tasks. In the present study, we combined accessory stimulation
with a selective attention paradigm in order to investigate its influence on
mechanisms of response selection. In the framework of a spatial
stimulus-response compatibility task (Simon task), we tested whether accessory
stimuli selectively affect bottom up triggered response activation processes
(e.g., direct route processing), processing of task-relevant stimulus features
(indirect [...]
Irrelevant tone (accessory) stimuli facilitate performance in simple and choice
reaction time tasks. In the present study, we combined accessory stimulation
with a selective attention paradigm in order to investigate its influence on
mechanisms of response selection. In the framework of a spatial
stimulus-response compatibility task (Simon task), we tested whether accessory
stimuli selectively affect bottom up triggered response activation processes
(e.g., direct route processing), processing of task-relevant stimulus features
(indirect [...]
Irrelevant Words Trigger an Attentional Blink
It has been argued that salient distractor items displayed during rapid serial
visual presentation (RSVP) trigger an attentional blink (AB) when they share
features with the target item. Here we demonstrate that salient distractor words
induce an AB independently of feature overlap with the target. In two
experiments a color-highlighted irrelevant word preceded a target by a variable
lag in an RSVP series of false font strings. Target identification was reduced
at short relative to long temporal lags between the distractor word and the
t [...]
It has been argued that salient distractor items displayed during rapid serial
visual presentation (RSVP) trigger an attentional blink (AB) when they share
features with the target item. Here we demonstrate that salient distractor words
induce an AB independently of feature overlap with the target. In two
experiments a color-highlighted irrelevant word preceded a target by a variable
lag in an RSVP series of false font strings. Target identification was reduced
at short relative to long temporal lags between the distractor word and the
t [...] 
