Neuropsychologic profile of college students with schizotypal traits
Kim MS, Oh SH, Hong MH, Choi DB Compr Psychiatry 2011 Sep-Oct;52(5):511-6 PMID: 21185555 Abstract BACKGROUND: This study investigated the neuropsychologic functioning in nonclinical individuals with schizotypal traits using a comprehensive battery of neuropsychologic tests. METHOD: We measured the neuropsychologic functioning of individuals with psychometrically defined nonclinical schizotypy (n = 28) and healthy controls (n […]
Duration and not strength of activation in temporo-parietal cortex positively correlates with schizotypy
Arzy S, Mohr C, Michel CM, Blanke O Neuroimage 2007 Mar;35(1):326-33 PMID: 17223577 Abstract Impaired self- and own body processing in patients with schizophrenia and individuals along the schizophrenia spectrum have been associated with dysfunctional cortical activation at the temporo-parietal junction. Here we investigated whether strength or duration of temporo-parietal junction activation during an own […]
Antisaccades and smooth pursuit eye tracking and schizotypy
O'Driscoll GA, Lenzenweger MF, Holzman PS Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 1998 Sep;55(9):837-43 PMID: 9736011 Abstract BACKGROUND: Eye tracking deficits are one of a few widely validated behavioral markers of risk for schizophrenia. Recently, it has been proposed that antisaccade performance may also constitute a marker of schizophrenia risk. This study investigated whether eye tracking and antisaccade […]
Deficits in sensory prediction are related to delusional ideation in healthy individuals
Teufel C, Kingdon A, Ingram JN, Wolpert DM, Fletcher PC Neuropsychologia 2010 Dec;48(14):4169-72 PMID: 20974159 Abstract Motor control strongly relies on neural processes that predict the sensory consequences of self-generated actions. Previous research has demonstrated deficits in such sensory-predictive processes in schizophrenic patients and these low-level deficits are thought to contribute to the emergence of […]
Implicit motion perception in schizotypy and schizophrenia: a Representational Momentum study
Jarrett CB, Phillips M, Parker A, Senior C Cogn Neuropsychiatry 2002 Feb;7(1):1-14 PMID: 16571525 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Human observers exhibit a distortion in recognition memory for pictures that imply motion because of an automatic mental process, which extrapolates along the implied trajectory of the picture. This is known as Representational Momentum (RM). Converging evidence (functional imaging; […]
An event-related brain potential study of schizotypal personality and associative semantic processing
Kiang M, Prugh J, Kutas M Int J Psychophysiol 2010 Feb;75(2):119-26 PMID: 19818815 Abstract To examine whether schizotypal personality is associated with the degree to which concepts activate each other in semantic memory, event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were recorded during a delayed lexical decision task from healthy volunteers rated for schizotypy. Each target word was […]
Autism and perplexity: a qualitative and theoretical study of basic subjective experiences in schizophrenia
Henriksen MG, Skodlar B, Sass LA, Parnas J Psychopathology 2010;43(6):357-68 PMID: 20798575 Abstract BACKGROUND: Autistic traits and perplexity are considered core features of schizophrenia in phenomenological psychiatry. They express a fundamental disturbance of the self-world relation (including disturbances of self and intersubjectivity). The aim of our study was to examine this disturbance by exploring in […]
Event-related potential correlates of paranormal ideation and unusual experiences
Sumich A, Kumari V, Gordon E, Tunstall N, Brammer M Cortex 2008 Nov-Dec;44(10):1342-52 PMID: 18625497 Abstract Separate dimensions of schizotypy have been differentially associated with electrophysiological measures of brain function, and further shown to be modified by sex/gender. We investigated event-related potential (ERP) correlates of two subdimensions of positive schizotypy, paranormal ideation (PI) and unusual […]
Schizophrenia risk and handedness: a mixed picture
Claridge G, Clark K, Davis C, Mason O Laterality 1998 Jul;3(3):209-20 PMID: 15513084 Abstract Numerous previous studies have reported on handedness differences among schizophrenics, as well as in normal subjects who are high in ''schizotypal'' traits, and hence putatively at risk for schizophrenia. Results have varied, but there is evidence of a shift away from […]
Neurological abnormalities among offspring of persons with schizophrenia: relation to premorbid psychopathology
Prasad KM, Sanders R, Sweeney J, Montrose D, Diwadkar V, Dworakowski D, Miewald J, Keshavan M Schizophr. Res. 2009 Mar;108(1-3):163-9 PMID: 19108992 Abstract BACKGROUND: Neurological Examination Abnormalities (NEA, often called "neurological soft signs") have been observed in early schizophrenia and may be heritable. We investigated the prevalence, and neurocognitive and psychopathological correlates of NEA among […]
Schizotypal symptoms and signs in the Roscommon Family Study. Their factor structure and familial relationship with psychotic and affective disorders
Kendler KS, McGuire M, Gruenberg AM, Walsh D Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 1995 Apr;52(4):296-303 PMID: 7702446 Abstract BACKGROUND: Although schizotypal personality disorder aggregates in relatives of schizophrenic probands, the criteria for this disorder may not be optimal either in describing the dimensions of schizotypal phenomena or in identifying those with a high familial liability to schizophrenia. […]
Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid concentrations in red blood cell membranes relate to schizotypal traits in healthy adults
Richardson AJ, Cyhlarova E, Ross MA Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids 2003 Dec;69(6):461-6 PMID: 14623500 Abstract Reduced omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in red blood cell (RBC) membranes are often found in patients with schizophrenia. Here we investigated whether membrane concentrations of these fatty acids might vary as a function of schizotypal traits in non-psychotic […]
Mental imagery vividness as a trait marker across the schizophrenia spectrum
Oertel V, Rotarska-Jagiela A, van de Ven V, Haenschel C, Grube M, Stangier U, Maurer K, Linden DE Psychiatry Res 2009 May;167(1-2):1-11 PMID: 19345421 Abstract We investigated the vividness of mental imagery and its possible relationship with the predisposition towards hallucinations in 52 schizophrenia (SZ) patients, 44 of their first-degree relatives (R) and two healthy […]
[Theory of mind in schizophrenia: clinical aspects and empirical research]
Koelkebeck K, Abdel-Hamid M, Ohrmann P, Brüne M Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 2008 Oct;76(10):573-82 PMID: 18833502 Abstract The term Theory of Mind (ToM) refers to the capacity to infer one's own and other persons' mental states. A substantial body of research has highlighted impaired ToM in a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia. There is good […]
Validation of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale--Revised (CESD-R): pragmatic depression assessment in the general population
Van Dam NT, Earleywine M Psychiatry Res 2011 Mar;186(1):128-32 PMID: 20843557 Abstract Depression has a huge societal impact, making accurate measurement paramount. While there are several available measures, the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD) is a popular assessment tool that has wide applicability in the general population. In order to reflect modern diagnostic […]
Trials-to-criterion latent inhibition in humans as a function of stimulus pre-exposure and positive-schizotypy
Burch GS, Hemsley DR, Joseph MH Br J Psychol 2004 May;95(Pt 2):179-96 PMID: 15142301 Abstract Latent inhibition (LI) is a phenomenon during which non-reinforced pre-exposure to a stimulus retards later learning of associations with that same stimulus. It has been suggested that LI is a positive function of the amount of stimulus pre-exposure (PE) and […]
The transliminal brain at rest: baseline EEG, unusual experiences, and access to unconscious mental activity
Fleck JI, Green DL, Stevenson JL, Payne L, Bowden EM, Jung-Beeman M, Kounios J Cortex 2008 Nov-Dec;44(10):1353-63 PMID: 18814870 Abstract Transliminality reflects individual differences in the threshold at which unconscious processes or external stimuli enter into consciousness. Individuals high in transliminality possess characteristics such as magical ideation, belief in the paranormal, and creative personality traits, […]
Mixed handedness is associated with the Disorganization dimension of schizotypy in a young male population
Stefanis NC, Vitoratou S, Smyrnis N, Constantinidis T, Evdokimidis I, Hatzimanolis I, Ntzoufras I, Stefanis CN Schizophr. Res. 2006 Oct;87(1-3):289-96 PMID: 16797924 Abstract Within the ASPIS (Athens Study of Psychosis Proneness and Incidence of Schizophrenia) we sought out to examine in accordance with previous reports if a deviation from dextrality is associated with an augmented […]
N100 and P300 amplitude to Go and No-Go variants of the auditory oddball in siblings discordant for schizophrenia
Sumich A, Kumari V, Dodd P, Ettinger U, Hughes C, Zachariah E, Sharma T Schizophr. Res. 2008 Jan;98(1-3):265-77 PMID: 18022352 Abstract BACKGROUND: P300 amplitude reduction is reliably seen in schizophrenia. Inconsistent reports of isolated frontal and/or parietal deficits in unaffected family members may be clarified using a task that places greater load on frontal function. […]
Effect of age and gender on schizotypal personality traits in the normal population
Bora E, Baysan Arabaci L Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 2009 Oct;63(5):663-9 PMID: 19674380 Abstract AIM: There is some evidence that age and gender influence expression of schizotypal traits in the normal population. One important limitation of previous studies, however, is the restricted age range of subjects. The aim of the present study was therefore to investigate […]
Schizotypy in community samples: the three-factor structure and correlation with sustained attention
Chen WJ, Hsiao CK, Lin CC J Abnorm Psychol 1997 Nov;106(4):649-54 PMID: 9358696 Abstract The authors examined cross-cultural applicability of the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ), the Perceptual Aberration Scale (PAS), and the Continuous Performance Test in community samples of Taiwanese adults and adolescents. The authors tested hypotheses that a 3-factor structure of the SPQ (Cognitive-Perceptual, […]
Polydrug use, cannabis, and psychosis-like symptoms
Van Dam NT, Earleywine M, DiGiacomo G Hum Psychopharmacol 2008 Aug;23(6):475-85 PMID: 18449850 Abstract OBJECTIVE: To examine psychosis-like symptoms in users of legal and illicit drugs. METHODS: Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) scores were compared in groups of people with different exposure to cannabis, with the use of other drugs serving as a covariate. Supplemental analyses […]
Differential psychological impact of internet exposure on Internet addicts
Romano M, Osborne LA, Truzoli R, Reed P PLoS ONE 2013;8(2):e55162 PMID: 23408958 Abstract The study explored the immediate impact of internet exposure on the mood and psychological states of internet addicts and low internet-users. Participants were given a battery of psychological tests to explore levels of internet addiction, mood, anxiety, depression, schizotypy, and autism […]
Creativity and psychiatric illness: the search for a missing link--an historical context for current research
Thys E, Sabbe B, De Hert M Psychopathology 2013;46(3):136-44 PMID: 22987048 Abstract Creativity is an important human quality upon which many achievements of humankind are based. Defined as the ability to produce something that is novel and useful or meaningful, it is difficult to operationalize for research. This text provides an overview of the historical […]
Schizotypal perceptual aberrations of time: correlation between score, behavior and brain activity
Arzy S, Mohr C, Molnar-Szakacs I, Blanke O PLoS ONE 2011;6(1):e16154 PMID: 21267456 Abstract A fundamental trait of the human self is its continuum experience of space and time. Perceptual aberrations of this spatial and temporal continuity is a major characteristic of schizophrenia spectrum disturbances--including schizophrenia, schizotypal personality disorder and schizotypy. We have previously found […]
Kamin blocking is associated with reduced medial-frontal gyrus activation: implications for prediction error abnormality in schizophrenia
Moran PM, Rouse JL, Cross B, Corcoran R, Schürmann M PLoS ONE 2012;7(8):e43905 PMID: 23028415 Abstract The following study used 3-T functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the neural signature of Kamin blocking. Kamin blocking is an associative learning phenomenon seen where prior association of a stimulus (A) with an outcome blocks subsequent learning […]
Creativity and psychopathology: a systematic review
Thys E, Sabbe B, De Hert M Psychopathology 2014;47(3):141-7 PMID: 24480798 Abstract Background: The possible link between creativity and psychopathology has been a long-time focus of research up to the present day. However, the research results in this field are heterogeneous and contradictory. Links between creativity and specific psychiatric disorders have been confirmed and refuted […]
Schizotypal traits in adolescents: links to family history of psychosis and psychological distress
Cella M, Serra M, Lai A, Mason OJ, Sisti D, Rocchi MB, Preti A, Petretto DR Eur. Psychiatry 2013 May;28(4):247-53 PMID: 22964111 Abstract OBJECTIVE: Studies in the general population report that unusual subjective experiences are relatively common. Such experiences have been conceptualized either as extreme personality traits or as vulnerability markers for psychosis, and often […]
Association of Neuregulin 1 rs3924999 genotype with antisaccades and smooth pursuit eye movements
Schmechtig A, Vassos E, Kumari V, Hutton SB, Collier DA, Morris RG, Williams SC, Ettinger U Genes Brain Behav. 2010 Aug;9(6):621-7 PMID: 20497232 Abstract Neuregulin 1 (NRG1) has been identified as one of the leading candidate genes for schizophrenia. However, its functional mechanisms and its effects on neurocognition remain unclear. In this study, we used […]
Schizotypy, delusional ideation and well-being in an American new religious movement population
Smith L, Riley S, Peters ER Clin Psychol Psychother 2009 Nov-Dec;16(6):479-84 PMID: 19701879 Abstract This study extends two previous UK studies that looked at schizotypy in new religious movements (Peters, Day, McKenna & Orbach, 1999a; Day & Peters, 1999) using a similar religious subgroup from a different culture. A sample of American Hare Krishna devotees […]
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